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5 cm?
I think imbusy’s description of how a quantum computer works is quite good.
But why are you guys making a fuzz about quantum computers being super fast? There are only three known points where quantum computers significantly can improve current computers (and on most other points they are much slower):
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It can improve general searching algorithms to the square root of the usual asymptotic running time, which of course is a major improvement, but exponential time searching algorithms will still be exponential time on quantum computers.
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It can factor composite numbers in polynomial time, which of course is a threat to RSA crypto systems, which brings us to the third point:
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It can supply us with a way of encryption which is unbreakable.
Oh, and I almost forgot there’s also quantum teleportation, which isn’t nearly as interesting as it sounds it just means that you can send precise quantum information using entanglement and otherwise just normal data (see: https://xkcd.com/465/ ).
But none of this seems to me like anything we should worry about.